Sunday, April 15, 2018

TOEFL STRATEGIES: STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION


STRUCTURE : 15 Questions, Sentence Completion, Multiple Choice
WRITTEN EXPRESSION : 25 Questions, Error Identification

A. Structure
 

 General Strategies:

1. Study the sentence, Determine  what  is  needed  to  complete  thesentence correctly .
2. Study each answer based on how well it completes the sentence, Eliminate  answers  that  do  not  complete  the sentence correctly .
3. Do not try to eliminate incorrect answers by looking only at the answers, The  incorrect  answers  are  generally  incorrect  only when used to complete the sentence.
4. Never leave any answers blank
5. Do not spend too much time on the Structure questions, Be  sure  to  leave  adequate  time  for  the Written Expression questions.
6. Questions  in  Structure  have  some  patterns which are tested regularly .
7. Time is essential here.


B. Written Expression

  
 



General Strategies:

1.Do not pay attention to the directions (because they are all the same)
2.Look at the underlined word or groups of words, Spot which  of the four  answer choices is not correct.
3.If  you  have  been  unable  to  find  the  error  bylooking  only  at  the  four  underlined  expressions, then read the complete sentence. Pay attention that a sentence must have a subject and a verb (predicate).
4.Questions in Written Expression have some patterns which are tested regularly.
5.Time is essential.
6.Never leave any answers blank


EXAMPLE QUESTIONS
A. Structure
 

1. During the Daytona 500, the lead car ___________, leaving the others far behind.



A. forwarded rapidly
B. advanced rapidly
C. advanced forward rapidly
D. advanced in a rapidly manner


Answer : B
 

2. Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes _______ they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.





A. due to

B. because

C. in spite of

D. regardless of


Answer : B

3. During the early period of ocean navigation, ________ any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques.



A. so that hardly

B. where there hardly was

C. hardly was

D. there was hardly


Answer : D

4. The North Pole___________ a latitude of 90 degrees north.


A. it has

B. is having

C. which is having

D. has

Answer : D

5. The city of Beverly Hills is surrounded on ________ the city of Los Angeles.


A. its sides

B. the sides are

C. it is the side of

D. all sides by

Answer : D

6. ________ greyhound, can achieve speeds up to thirty-six miles per hour.


A. The

B. The fastest

C. The fastest dog

D. The fastest dog, the

Answer : B

7. Marmots spend their time foraging among meadow plants and flowers or ________ on rocky cliffs.


A. gets sun

B. sunning

C. the sun

D. sunny

Answer : C

8. The greenhouse effect occurs ________ heat radiated from the Sun.


A. when does the Earth’s atmosphere trap

B. does the Earth’s atmosphere trap

C. when the Earth’s atmosphere traps

D. the Earth’s atmosphere traps

Answer : C

9. The Rose Bowl, ________ place on New Year’s Day, is the oldest postseason collegiate football game in the United States.


A. takes

B. it takes

C. which takes

D. took

Answer : A

10. Experiments ________ represent a giant step into the medicine of the future.


A. using gene therapy

B. use gene therapy

C. they use

D. gene therapy uses

Answer : A

11. ________ off the Hawaiian coastline are living, others are dead.


A. While some types of coral reefs

B. Some types of coral reefs

C. There are many types of coral reefs

D. Coral reefs

Answer : B

12. Nimbostratus clouds are thick, dark gray clouds ________ forecast rain.


A. what

B. which

C. what they

D. which they

Answer : C

13. Some economists now suggest that home equity loans are merely a new trap to push consumers beyond ________.


A. they can afford

B. they can afford it

C. what is affordable

D. able to afford

Answer : A

14. People who reverse the letters of words ________ to read suffer from dyslexia.


A. when trying

B. if they tried

C. when tried

D. if he tries

Answer : A


15. Featured at the Henry Ford Museum ________ of antique cars dating from 1865.


A. is an exhibit

B. an exhibit

C. an exhibit is

D. which is an exhibit

Answer : D
 

B. Written Expression


1. In the united states, there are much holidays throughout the year.

        A                         B             C                                  D        



Answer : C

2. Tomatoes grows all year long in Florida
           A          B   C                D

Answer : B

3. Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of the males' bright colors
                                          A                   B        C                            D  
Answer : A

4. On the floor of the Pacific Ocean is hundreds of flat-topped mountains more than a mile 
                  A                                        B                            C                                   D                                                           
beneath sea level.

Answer : B

5. Because of the flourish with which John Hancock signed the Declaration of Independence,
                                                     A                                                                                                           
 his name become synonymous with signature.
 B                  C                D                                                                                                                                 
Answer : C

6. Segregation in public schools was declare unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1954.
                                A                        B                   C                                                         D       
 Answer : B                              

7. Sirius, the Dog Star, is the most brightest star in the sky with an absolute magnitude about
                                                        A                                                     B                                                             
twenty-three times that of the Sun.
           B                  D                                                                                                                                       
Answer : A

8. Killer whales tend to wander in family clusters that hunt, play, and resting together.
                              A       B                                                                              C       D                                                     

Answer : C
9. Some of the most useful resistor material are carbon, metals, and metallic alloys.
           A                         B                    C                                                 D                                                           
Answer : C

10. The community of Bethesda, Maryland, was previous known as Darcy's Store.
               A                                                                    B            C   D                                                                         
Answer : B

11. Alloys of gold and copper have been widely using in various types of coins.
                                                      A               B       C                 D                                             
 Answer :  C                               

12. J. H. Pratt used group therapy early in this century when he brought tuberculosis patients
                                  A                     B                              C                                                                                   
together to discuss its disease.
                                D                                                                                                                                       
Answer : D

13. The United States has import all carpet wools in recent years because domestic wools are
                                             A        B                                                  C                                                                 
too fine and soft for carpets.
      D                                                                                                                                                               
Answer : A


14. Irving Berlin wrote "Oh How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning" while serving in a U.S. Army
                            A                                                                                 B                 C                                           
during World War 1.
    D                                                                                                                                                                 
Answer : C

15. Banks are rushing to merge because consolidations enable them to slash theirs costs
                    A                                                                              B                        C                                                   
and expand.
            D                                                                                                                                                         
Answer : C
 


Reference:

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